Important Knowledg of Melanotan I Acetate

Item Name: MelanotanⅠ Acetate

Molecular Formula: C78H111N21O19

CAS No.: 75921-69-6

Properties of Melanotan I Acetate:

density  1.43

storage temp.  -20°C

solubility  H2O: 5 mg/mL,

soluble form  solid

Melanotan may refer to one of two separate peptides:

• Afamelanotide, originally developed under the names “Melanotan-1” or “Melanotan I” for skin tanning, a drug currently in trials in implant form as a prophylactic treatment for a series of light affected skin disorders and potential skin cancer preventative agent

Afamelanotide, developed at the University of Arizona, is a synthetic analog of the naturally-occurring melanocortin peptide hormone alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) that has been shown to induce skin pigmentation through melanogenesis and thereby subsequently reduce sun (UV) damage to UV exposed skin in preliminary studies and clinical trials. Its amino acid sequence is Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Nle-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2 or [Nle4, D-Phe7]-α-MSH.

• Melanotan II, a drug originally developed as a skin tanning agent, but subsequently investigated as a potential treatment for sexual dysfunction

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General Knowledge of Aronia Melanocarpa Extract

The leaves of Aronia are alternate, simple, and oblanceolate with crenate margins and pinnate venation; in autumn the leaves turn a bold red color. Dark trichomes are present on the upper midrib surface. The flowers are small, with 5 petals and 5 sepals, and produced in corymbs of 10-25 together. Hypanthium is urn-shaped. The fruit is a small pome, with a very astringent flavor.

Aronia has been thought to be closely related to Photinia, and has been included in that genus in some classifications, but botanist Cornelis Kalkman observed that a combined genus should be under the older name Aronia. The combined genus contains about 65 species. In 2004, Kalkman expressed doubt about the monophyly of the combined group, and new molecular studies confirm this. They do not place these two genera together or even near one another.

In eastern North America, there are two well-known species, named after their fruit color, red chokeberry and black chokeberry, plus a purple chokeberry whose origin is a natural hybrid of the two.

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Detailed Information of Strep B-Screen ELISA Kit

RItem name: Strep B-Screen ELISA Kit

Specification: 96Test

Streptococcus is a genus of spherical Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the phylum Firmicutes and the lactic acid bacteria group. Cellular division occurs along a single axis in these bacteria, and thus they grow in chains or pairs, hence the name — from Greek στρεπτος streptos, meaning easily bent or twisted, like a chain (twisted chain). Contrast this with staphylococci, which divide along multiple axes and generate grape-like clusters of cells. Most streptococci are oxidase- and catalase-negative, and many are facultative anaerobes.

S. agalactiae, or GBS, causes pneumonia and meningitis in neonates and the elderly, with occasional systemic bacteremia. They can also colonize the intestines and the female reproductive tract, increasing the risk for premature rupture of membranes and transmission to the infant. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Academy of Pediatrics and the Centers for Disease Control recommend that all pregnant women between 35 and 37 weeks gestation should be tested for GBS. Women who test positive should be given prophylactic antibiotics during labor, which will usually prevent transmission to the infant. In the UK, clinicians have been slow to implement the same standards as the US, Australia and Canada. In the UK, only 1% of maternity units test for the presence of Group B Streptococcus. Although the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists issued risk-based guidelines in 2003 (due for review 2006), the implementation of these guidelines has been patchy. As a result, over 75 infants in the UK die each year of GBS-related disease, and another 600 or so suffer serious infection, most of which could be prevented; however, this is yet to be substantiated by randomized, controlled trial in the UK setting and, given the evidence for the efficacy of testing and treating from other countries, it may be that the large-scale trial necessary would receive neither funding nor ethics approval.

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General Information of sIL-18R ELISA Kit

Product name: sIL-18R ELISA Kit

Specification: 96Test

Interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta) are cytokines that participate in the regulation of immune responses, inflammatory reactions, and hematopoiesis. Two types of IL-1 receptor, each with three extracellular immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains, limited sequence similarity (28%) and different pharmacological characteristics have been cloned from mouse and human cell lines: these have been termed type I and type II receptors. The receptors both exist in transmembrane (TM) and soluble forms: the soluble IL-1 receptor is thought to be post-translationally derived from cleavage of the extracellular portion of the membrane receptors.

Human sIL-18R ELISA kit is a ready-to-use 4-hour solid phase immunoassay capable of measuring InhibinBlevels in serum, plasma, cell culture supernatant, tissue fluid and other biological fluids in the range of 0 to 2000 pg/mL. This assay has shown no cross-reactivity with various other cytokines super-family proteins, and is expected to be used effectively for further investigations into the relationship between Human sIL-18R and various diseases.

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Some Knowledge About 2-Chloro-1,3-Butadiene

Item Name: 2-Chloro-1,3-Butadiene

Molecular Formula: C4H5Cl

CAS No.; 126-99-8

Synonyms: 1,3-Butadiene, 2-chloro-;1,3-Chloro-2-butadiene;2-Chloor-1,3-butadieen;2-Chlor-1,3-butadien;2-chloro-1,3-butadiene(chloroprene);2-chloro-1,3-butadiene(chloroprene)(50%inxylene);2-chloro-3-butadiene;2-chloro-buta-1,3-diene

1,3 Butadiene is listed as a known carcinogen by the Agency for Toxic Substances Disease Registry and the US EPA. The American Council for Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) lists the chemical as a suspected carcinogen. The Natural Resource Defense Council (NRDC) lists some disease clusters that are suspected to be associated with this chemical.

1,3-Butadiene is also a suspected human teratogen. Prolonged and excessive exposure can affect many areas in the human body; blood, brain, eye, heart, kidney, lung, nose and throat have all been shown to react to the presence of excessive 1,3-Butadiene. Animal data suggest that women have a higher sensitivity to possible carcinogenic effects of butadiene over men when exposed to the chemical. This may be due to estrogen receptor impacts. While these data reveal important implications to the risks of human exposure to butadiene, more data are necessary to draw conclusive risk assessments. There is also a lack of human data for the effects of butadiene on reproductive and development shown to occur in mice, but animal studies have shown breathing butadiene during pregnancy can increase the number of birth defects, and humans have the same hormone systems as animals.

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Statement of Allyl Bromide

Item Name: Allyl bromide

Molecular Formula: C3H5Br

CAS No.: 106-95-6

Allyl bromide is a colorless to light yellow, irritating toxic liquid with a boiling point of 71.3°C. It is soluble in organic solvents. It is used in organic synthesis and for the manufacture of synthetic perfumes.

Allyl bromide (1-bromoprop-2-ene) is an organic halide. Its refractive index is 1.4697 (20 °C, 589 nm). Allyl bromide is an alkylating agent used in synthesis of polymers, pharmaceuticals, allyls and other organic compounds. Physically, allyl bromide is a clear liquid with an intense, acrid, and persistent smell. In addition, allylzinc bromide may be produced by treating this compound with elemental zinc. Unlike most organometallic reagents, which are pyrophoric in air and destroyed by water, allylzinc bromide is stable in aqueous solvents and can attack aldehydes in a Barbier-type reaction, leading to carbon-carbon bond formation.

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The Difinition of Methenolone Acetate

Metenolone enanthate (or methenolone enanthate) is a dihydrotestosterone (DHT) based anabolic steroid. It is an ester derivative of methenolone sold commonly under the brand names Primobolan (tablet form) or Primobolan Depot (injectable). When it interacts with the aromatase enzyme it does not form any estrogens. It is used by people who are very susceptible to estrogenic side effects, having lower estrogenic properties than nandrolone. Methenolone, in form of enanthate and acetate, is available as an injection or as an oral respectively. The injection is naturally regarded as having a higher bioavailability. It is an enanthate ester which is quite long-acting. Because it by-passes hepatic breakdown on the first pass, it also has a higher survival rate. The tablets are in a short-lived acetate form. Methenolone is not 17-alpha-alkylated, but 1-methylated for oral bioavailability. This reduces the stress on the liver, but also the availability. It is considered one of the safer steroids, meaning it has few side effects. Methenolone has no estrogenic side effects, and its effects on cholesterol levels are minimal. In doses of 200 mg per week or less (intramuscular) blood pressure is rarely altered. It is possibly one of the safer anabolic steroids for females due to very low virilization effects in short-term usage. Methenolone is also not overly suppressive of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, although how suppressive is debatable. For this reason, many bodybuilders use it in between steroid cycles during their “off-time” to help maintain their gains and strength. The long term safety of such a practice is possibly dangerous and can lead to permanent suppression of the HPTA.

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A Little Information About Testosterone Isobutyrate

Item Name: Testosterone Isobutyrate

Molecular Formula: C23H34O3

CAS No.: 1169-49-9

Molecular weight: 358.51

Specification: Enterprise Standard

It has been found that when testosterone and endorphins in ejaculated semen meet the cervical wall after sexual intercourse, females receive a spike in testosterone, endorphin, and oxytocin levels, and males after orgasm during copulation experience an increase in endorphins and a marked increase in oxytocin levels. This adds to the hospitable physiological environment in the female internal reproductive tract for conceiving, and later for nurturing the conceptus in the pre-embryonic stages, and stimulates feelings of love, desire, and paternal care in the male (this is the only time male oxytocin levels rival a female’s).

Testosterone levels follow a nyctohemeral rhythm which peaks early each day, regardless of sexual activity.

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Brief Explanation of Clostebol Acetate

Clostebol (INN), usually as the ester clostebol acetate, is a synthetic anabolic androgenic steroid. Clostebol is the 4-chloro derivative of the natural hormone testosterone. Clostebol acetate (4-chlorotestosterone acetate) is a synthetic anabolic steroid which may be used to enhance performance in racehorses. Studies on the in vitro biotransformation of clostebol acetate with horse liver microsomes were carried out. Six metabolites (C1 – C6) were detected.

Item Name: Clostebol acetate(Chlordehydromethy-ltestosterone actate)

Chemical Name: 4-androstadien-17β-ol-4-Cl-3-one acetate

Molecular Formula: C21H29ClO3

CAS No.: 855-19-6

Description: white or almost white crystalline powder

Specification: Enterprise Standard

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Synthesis, Structure and Reactivity of Esametilentetrammina

Esametilentetrammina (in English: Hexamethylenetetramine) is a heterocyclic organic compound with the formula (CH2)6N4. This white crystalline compound is highly soluble in water and polar organic solvents. It has a cage-like structure similar to adamantane. Hexamethylenetetramine is useful in the synthesis of other chemical compounds, e.g. plastics, pharmaceuticals, rubber additives. It sublimes in a vacuum at 280 °C.   The compound was discovered by Aleksandr Butlerov in 1859.

Hexamethylenetetramine is prepared by the reaction of formaldehyde and ammonia. The reaction can be conducted in gas-phase and in solution.

The molecule has a symmetric tetrahedral cage-like structure, similar to adamantane, whose four “corners” are nitrogen atoms and “edges” are methylene groups. Although the molecular shape defines a cage, no void space is available at the interior for binding other atoms or molecules, unlike crown ethers or larger cryptand structures.

The molecule behaves like an amine base, undergoing protonation and N-alkylation.

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